Егор Новгородов
Егор Новгородов
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"Troublemaders"

Hey, buddies.

In this article, I'd like to discuss a little bit tricky topic - careful choice of the preposition that comes after 'made'.

Really, look at this list

  • made from
  • made of
  • made out of
  • made up of
  • made with
  • made by

Don't be afraid, mates, we'll follow it through step by step.

1.Made up of.

"Made up of" is used to show, that the item comprises several distinct elements.

At a high level, all computers are made up of a central processor, memory, and input/output devices.
IELTS exam is made up of Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking.

2.Made out of.

We add "out of" to "made" to deliver the idea, that the final product has been produced from another thing.

Toy boat made out of old newspapers.
Flower pot made out of plastic bottle.

It fits best, talking about an unusual or surprising way of using some thing.

Dress made out of plastic balls.

3. Made of and made from

Use "made of" if you want to tell what basic material is used. It's important that the original material doesn't change during the process of production.

This bottle is made of glass

In contrast, "made from" implies, that the manufacturing process led to a fundamental change in material's nature.

Butter is made from milk

Compare.

Paper is made from wood.
Chair is made of wood.

That's a remarkable distinction, isn't it? So, you're not likely to say that paper is made from wood if you aren't told in advance. Otherwise, a chair, in many cases, is no more than a formed wood.

4. Made with

This option is frequently used in reference to the ingredients of food and drink.

Borsch is made with cabbage, potatoes, beet, carrot.

5. Made by

Made by can be used either to express the method of producing

Grown diamonds are made by High-Pressure High-Temperature or by Chemical Vapor Deposition.

or to point on the one who made it.

Iphones are made by child labour.

That's it. I hope you haven't been confused. Please, come up with a few examples and leave them in the comments section. That's essential to grasp this topic.

See you next time.

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